Mosquitoes are the deadliest animals around the world. They carry and spread many diseases to human beings which causes millions of death every year. The incidence rate of malaria has rise up to 30-fold in the past and more countries have reported outbreaks of the disease. Aedes aegypti mosquito transmits diseases like Zika, dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever to humans.
These species covers a large area which covers more than half of the population. There are many successful methods to prevent outbreaks of mosquitoes which in turn prevent the spread of diseases. They are several species of mosquitoes out of which some of them carry many different diseases. Let’s check out the most common diseases transmitted by Aedes, Culex and Anopheles mosquitoes. Here are the most common mosquito-borne diseases:-
Chikungunya is a type of virus transmitted through infectious mosquito bite to humans by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Primary host for this type of virus is humans. There are also possibilities for blood-borne transmission. There are chances of in utero transmission, intrapartum transmission. It can also be transferred through breast milk from the mother to the infant.
Most of the symptoms appear after the bite of the infected mosquito between 4 to 7 days. These are the following symptoms:-
Chikungunya shares most sign similar to dengue fever and it is often misdiagnosed as dengue fever. It can be diagnosed using serological tests.
Treatment for this type of virus include
Zika Virus is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. It was first identified in Uganda in monkeys in the year 1947. Then it’s outbreaks have been recorded in Africa, the Americans and Asians. It is transmitted through a mosquito bite, from mother to foetus, through sex, through blood transfusion as well.
They are mild symptoms reported by infected patients. Most common symptoms are
These symptoms usually last for a few days to a week. Zika Virus is risky because it can cause birth defects of the brain like microscopically to the child if the mother is infected by Zika virus during pregnancy.
Blood test and urine test help to diagnose Zika Virus
Zika Virus symptoms are similar to dengue and chikungunya
Zika Virus can’t be treated with particular drugs but the symptoms can be controlled by giving the following medications:-
Dengue fever is transmitted through infected mosquitoes. It can affect anyone but is more severe in patients with a weakened immune system. Dengue virus has got five stereotypes which can cause fever for multiple times. Meanwhile, our body produces immunity for a lifetime for particular stereotype to which there were exposed. It is also called break bone fever and dandy fever.
There is usually an acute illness followed by a benign course of symptoms like
The incubation period for dengue fever usually ranges from 3 to 15 days before the early signs and symptoms appear.
Many health care professionals use a blood test called Detect IgM capture (DENV) or ELISA to diagnose dengue fever.
They are no specific antibiotics to treat dengue virus because it attacks always with different serotypes. However, we can manage signs and symptoms by using NSAIDS, acetaminophen and codeine which is used for headache and joint pain.
Proper rest and care should be given to patients. They should be given enough fluids to prevent dehydration. They are also research that shows papaya leaf extract is effective in treating dengue fever
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